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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: Resources for and about People of the Global Majority (Asian, Black, Indigenous, etc.)

Differences between Race, Ethnicity, Nationality, and National Origin

This page is dedicated to providing resources for anyone to learn more about folks of the racial global majority. Hover over the main tab to find resources and learn more about the folks in these communities. To get you started, here are the differences between race, racism (institutional, structural, and systemic), ethnicity, nationality, and national origin.  

Race: "False classification of people that is not based on any real of accurate biological... or scientific truth - the concept of race was created as a classification of human beings with the purpose to legitimize the dominance of white people over non-white people." 

Racism: "Prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people of their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority, or marginalized."

Institutional Racism: "Refers to the policies and practices within and across institutions that intentionally or not produce outcomes that chronically favor, or put a racial group at a disadvantage."

Structural Racism: "Inequalities rooted in the system wide operation of a society that excludes substantial numbers of members of particular groups from significant participation in major social institutions." 

Systemic Racism:  "System of structures that have procedures or processes that disadvantage marginalized groups."

Ethnicity: "Refers to the social characteristics that people may have in common, such as language, religion, regional background, culture, foods, etc. - revealed by the traditions one follows."

Nationality: "[uncountable, countable] the legal status of belonging to a particular nation."

National Origin: the nation in which a person originates from. 

References:

Boston University Community Service Center. (n.d.). What is anti-racism? | community service center. Www.bu.edu. https://www.bu.edu/csc/edref-2/antiracism/

nationality noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com. (2025). Oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/nationality